In the May 1927 edition of The Geographical Journal, W. E. D. Allen documents the dissolution of the Tsarist Russian ‘Vice-Royalty of the Caucasus’ in favour of the new, ‘people’s republics’ that, after a very brief period of independence, were brought under Soviet control 다운로드.
Allen, W. E. D. (1927). New Political Boundaries in the Caucasus. Geographical Journal, 430-441.
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Author focuses on two of the many instances of “ethnic” war and peace currently in progress throughout the Caucasus. The two, in the former Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republics of Abkhazia and Ajaria, which are both now technically within the Republic of Georgia, seemed to best illustrate events in the boiling cauldron of Caucasian politics 다운로드.
Derluguian, G. M. (1998). The tale of two Resorts: Abkhazia and Ajaria before and since the Soviet collapse. Research Series-Institute of International Studies University of California Berkeley, 261-292 adobe acrobat 7 pro 다운로드.
The Democratic Republic of Georgia (1918-21) was a novel experiment in social democracy in the most unexpected time and place 당신과는 천천히. Georgia was rural and mostly illiterate, and its leaders faced the complex tasks of nation and state building in conditions of external threat, internal conflict, and global economic depression 다운로드. The first democratically elected social democratic government in Europe, it confronted the inevitable tensions between market principles and socialist ideals 잔잔한 노래 다운로드. The new government’s economic policies reflected the dilemmas and contradictions faced by all social democratic parties in a capitalist environment cubicreator 다운로드. The new leaders created a mixed economy, framed by social democratic goals, but driven by pragmatism. Economic pioneers, how successful were they in creating a sustainable economic system and a model for other European socialists to follow 에벌리 다운로드?
Jones S. (2014). Between Ideology and Pragmatism: Social Democracy and the Economic Transition in Georgia 1918-21. Caucasus Survey, Vol.1, No.2, April 2014, 63-81 구글어스 모바일.
It is the contention of this paper that the party’s policy of “benign neglect” has not resulted in the desired goal of greater assimilation, at least not in Georgia, and that evidence points to a greater consolidation and cohesion of the Georgian nationality in recent years than had bean seen in the past 영문 cv 양식 다운로드.
Suny, R. G. (1979). Soviet Georgia in the Seventies. Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars; Kennan Institute Occasional Paper Series #64 2audio download.
In many respects early Christian Caucasia constituted a single historical and socio-cultural unit. However, divergent responses to the imperial contest for Caucasia and the processes leading to the establishment of separate Armenian and K‘art‘velian ‘national’ churches ultimately led to a clear religious break, beginning in the early seventh century 다운로드.
Rapp, S. H. (2010). Georgian Christianity. In The Blackwell Companion to Eastern Christianity, edited by Ken Parry, 137-155. Malden, Mass: Wiley-Blackwell 다운로드.