Tag Archives: USA

George Khelashvili & S. Neil Macfarlane – The Evolution of US Policy towards the Southern Caucasus

다운로드

This article examines the evolution of American policy in the Southern Caucasus since 1991. The article argues that US policy in the region has been ad hoc and inconsistent, reflecting ideological considerations (democracy promotion in Georgia), economic interests (access to Caspian Basin energy product and the development of US relations with Azerbaijan), US minority lobbying (US policy towards the Karabagh conflict), and idiosyncratic leadership preference (the personal relationship between Presidents Bush and Saakashvili) 동백꽃 필 무렵 11회 다운로드. This amalgam reflected the weakness of strategic drivers and notably Russia’s inability to act on its hegemonic aspirations in the region.

Khelashvili, G., & Macfarlane, S 다운로드. N. (2010). The Evolution of US Policy towards the Southern Caucasus. International Relations/Uluslararasi Iliskiler, 7(26).

Download

Tedo Japaridze & Ilia Roubanis – Tbilisi’s Relevance to Washington: What Is, Where Is, and What Can Be

This article reflects on the disparity of perceptions in the West over Georgia’s political trajectory since its first-ever peaceful transfer of power in October 2013 다운로드. Going beyond current affairs, the authors examine the significance of Georgia, primarily to Washington, in the context of greater developments in the diplomatic landscape 레바의모험 파이널. They argue that while the post-Soviet space has become increasingly multipolar and less convincingly multilateral, there is a need to go beyond a “reset” between former foes and a “reload” of the structure of regional alliances 온디맨드 코리아 다운로드.

Japaridze, T., & Roubanis, I. (2013). Tbilisi’s Relevance to Washington: What Is, Where Is, and What Can Be. American Foreign Policy Interests35(5), 272-282 다운로드.

See more at Taylor & Francis Online

New Publications: October-November 2015

Academic Articles

Ó Beacháin, D. (2015). Elections without recognition: presidential and parliamentary contests in Abkhazia and Nagorny Karabakh. Caucasus Survey, 1-19.

While various debates have arisen on the relationship between non-recognition and democratization, empirical case studies on elections in de facto states are extremely rare 다운로드. This article examines recent presidential and parliamentary elections in two unrecognized or partially recognized de facto states in the South Caucasus, namely Abkhazia and Nagorny Karabakh. Accordingly, the emphasis is on the Abkhazian presidential elections of August 2011 and August 2014 and parliamentary elections of 2007 and 2012, along with the most recent executive and legislative elections in the Nagorno-Karabakh Republic (NKR) in July 2012 and May 2015 respectively 다운로드. On the basis of extensive interviews and participant observation, this article demonstrates how although both parliamentary and presidential elections in Abkhazia are competitive, they favour the titular nation, while in homogeneous Nagorny Karabakh fear of a renewed conflagration has until recently produced relatively uncompetitive presidential contests. The dynamics of majoritarian versus party list, party, ethnic and gender representation are examined in each case. The case studies reveal weak political parties, but the NKR has made incremental changes to the electoral law that might encourage a less personality-based parliamentary system 다운로드.

See more

Brisku, A. (2015). Renegotiating the empire, forging the nation-state: the Georgian case through the political economic thought of Niko Nikoladze and Noe Zhordania, c 다운로드. 1870–1920. Nationalities Papers.

This article begins with an observation of a contemporary and yet reoccurring political dilemma that small nation-states face with respect to larger states in being either inside or outside of supranational political entities regarding political and economic asymmetries. Employing an intellectual history approach, the article explores this dilemma with reference to the Georgian nation in late-nineteenth century Tsarist Russia and the early twentieth century, when that territory briefly became a nation-state: It explores this through the language of political economy articulated in the thoughts and actions of two founding Georgian national intellectual and political figures, the statesman Niko Nikoladze and Noe Zhordania, who was one of the first prime ministers jboss eap 7. It argues that conceiving of the nation(state) primarily in economic terms, as opposed to exclusively nationalist ones, was more conducive to the option of remaining inside a supranational space.

See more

Eisler, D 이야기 2000 다운로드. F. (2015). Blitzkrieg reconsidered? Assessing the importance of morale and unit cohesion in the 2008 Russia–Georgia war. Defence Studies, 1-19.

The formal model of modern-system force employment developed in Stephen Biddle (2004) book, Military Power, is a standard text in the defense analysis field but has rarely been applied to analyze battlefield outcomes 쓰 리필 다운로드. The 2008 Five-Day War between Russia and the Republic of Georgia provides a compelling case study for empirical testing. The outcome of the conflict reveals an inconsistency between the theoretical model and the actual results, suggesting that technical and tactical force employment variables alone may not be sufficient to explain battlefield dynamics, and that the effects of psychological shock on unit morale and cohesion may constrain how well a military force can perform even while adhering to modern-system doctrine.

See more

Gugushvili, A., Kabachnik, P., & Gilbreath, A 다운로드. H. (2015). Cartographies of Stalin: Place, Scale, and Reputational Politics. The Professional Geographer, 1-12.

This article explores the spatial variation of support for former Soviet leader Joseph Stalin in his home country, Georgia. This research contributes to the literature on reputational politics by highlighting the role of spatial, rather than only social, factors in the construction of public opinion about Stalin 다운로드. It illustrates how geographic factors impact Georgians’ perceptions of the Soviet dictator by examining various aspects of place at various scales—including distance to Gori, Stalin’s birthplace, the history of urbanization, and economic and political indices. To this end the authors map attitudes toward the Soviet dictator and use a multilevel spatial regression technique to explain variance in support for Stalin across forty-seven districts of Georgia 다운로드. This enables to explore the impact of place on people’s attitudes by examining (1) whether there are local and regional hotspots of Stalin admiration and, if so, (2) what the contextual explanations of these attitudes are.

See more

Prelz Oltramonti, G. (2015). The political economy of a de facto state: the importance of local stakeholders in the case of Abkhazia. Caucasus Survey, 1-18.

Between 1993 and 2008, the economy of Abkhazia was subjected to a multiplicity of internal and external influences. According to the authorities of the de facto state, its stunted growth was a consequence of what they branded as the ‘Georgian embargo’. However, not only was Russia as strong an influencing actor, but the picture is also skewed if local stakeholders are not taken into consideration. Far from being passive recipients or targets of external pressures, local elites shaped the Abkhaz economy, while financially and politically profiting from it. In this paper, this is shown by tracing the evolution of the Abkhaz economic development through time and underlining its spatial characteristics. Processes of isolation, progressive opening, economic transformation and trade are deconstructed to demonstrate the gap between practice and discourse, and to unveil the key role played by local stakeholders.

See more

Zunes, S. (2015). US–Georgian Relations and the 2008 Conflict with Russia. Peace Review27(4), 492-498.

In these article, author reviews the circumstances of the 2008 war and how the United States contributed to the crisis.

See more

Laure Delcour & Kataryna Wolczuk – Spoiler or Facilitator of Democratization?: Russia’s role in Georgia and Ukraine

This article examines Russia’s reaction to political changes in Georgia and Ukraine in light of the interplay between the democracy promotion policies implemented by the EU and US and domestic patterns of democratization 다운로드. We argue that despite the relatively weak impact of EU and US policies vis-a-vis domestic structures, Russia has responded harshly to (what it perceives as) a Western expansionist agenda in pursuit of reasserting its own hegemonic position in the post-Soviet space 다운로드. However, coercive pressure from Russia has also unintended, counterproductive effects. We argue that the pressure has actually made Georgia and Ukraine more determined to pursue their pro-Western orientation and has spawned democratization, thereby supporting the objectives of the Western democracy promoters s플래너.

Delcour, L., & Wolczuk, K. (2015). Spoiler or facilitator of democratization?: Russia’s role in Georgia and Ukraine. Democratization22(3), 459-478

Download

Alexander Cooley & Lincoln Mitchell – Engagement without Recognition: A New Strategy toward Abkhazia and Eurasia’s Unrecognized States

Authors, Alexander Cooley and Lincoln Mitchell, propose an approach called ‘‘engagement without recognition’’ for Western policy toward Abkhazia to challenge the territory’s international isolation and monopolization of influence by Russia 다운로드. According to this strategy, Abkhazia would be given the opportunity to engage with the West on a number of political, economic, social, and cultural issues for the purpose of lessening Russia’s influence 최신 음악 다운로드. While undertaking this strategy, the West must make it clear that Abkhazia’s status as an independent state will never be accepted by either the United States or the EU 아이나비 맵 데이터 다운로드. By separating the international legal dimensions of sovereignty (the question of non-recognition) from its governance aspects, the West can attempt to gain some needed strategic leverage over Abkhazia, which it currently lacks 각시탈 게임.

Cooley, A., & Mitchell, L. A. (2010). Engagement without Recognition: A New Strategy toward Abkhazia and Eurasia’s Unrecognized States 다운로드. The Washington Quarterly, 33(4), 59-73.

Download